Different biometric characteristics has been projected for identification purposes and traditionally they can be categorized in to two major segments and they are as follows;
- Physiological Biometrics
- Behavioral Biometrics
Physiological Biometrics – Physiological Biometric are based on individual’s characteristics which are unspecified to be relatively static and unchanging. Examples for physical characteristics are DNA, ear, facial features, fingerprint, hand geometry, iris patters, retina patterns and palm prints.
Behavioral Biometrics– Examples for Behavioral characteristics include gait, signature, and voice. Behavioral biometrics are based on specific ways people do things such as talking, walking, signing or signature, typing on a key board in which speed, rhythm, pressure on the keys etc.
Form of physiological biometrics can be utilized when need arises to recognize friends and acquaintances. Recognizing person knows what he or she look like and his or her sound like so it is usually able to recognize them when see them or hear their voice. Turning those characteristics into reproducible electronic data is quite an art, however, 100% perfect and accurate system has not yet been developed which is entirely infallible – although some are appealing and excellent. Traditional identifications systems are National Identity card, Driving License or passport and knowledge based authentications systems are password or Personal Identification number etc. As biometric identifiers are unique in nature to persons and they are more reliable in indentifying.